Analog Electronics

 

  Basic Electronics Introduction We know that earlier electronic devices were made up of vacuum tubes or valves Vacuum tubes or Valves: The evolution of vacuum tubes started with diode and proceeded to triode, tetrode and pentode Valves control the flow of electrons; In diodes, there were two electrodes – cathode and anode Similarly, triode had three electrodes – cathode, grid and anode; tetrode had four electrodes – anode, two grids and cathode; pentode had five electrodes –anode, three grids and cathode Generally in vacuum tubes, the electrons are produced by heating the cathode using low tension battery; The vacuum helps in electron not losing its energy by collision with air molecules in the way However, the vacuum tube devices had some disadvantages and they are Bulky Operate at high voltages Consume more power Have limited life Low reliability    Diodes and transistors Next came the discovery of semiconductor junction, namely, junction diode and transistors These replaced the vac

  Diodes After having known about various components, let us focus on another important component in the field of electronics, known as a  Diode . A semiconductor diode is a two terminal electronic component with a PN junction. This is also called as a  Rectifier . The  anode  which is the  positive terminal  of a diode is represented with  A  and the  cathode , which is the  negative terminal  is represented with  K . To know the anode and cathode of a practical diode, a fine line is drawn on the diode which means cathode, while the other end represents anode. As we had already discussed about the P-type and N-type semiconductors, and the behavior of their carriers, let us now try to join these materials together to see what happens. Formation of a Diode If a P-type and an N-type material are brought close to each other, both of them join to form a junction, as shown in the figure below. A P-type material has  holes  as the  majority carriers  and an N-type material has  electrons  as

Semester- 3rd Subject Code: 3TBEX 304 Course: BE [EE] Subject: Analog Electronics Unit – I Semiconductor Diodes: Theory of P-N junction, temperature dependence and breakdown characteristics, junction capacitances, Zener diode, Varactor diode, Tunnel diode, PIN diode, LED, Photo diode, Schottky diode, Diode applications: series-parallel configurations, full wave and half wave rectification, voltage multiplier circuits, diode testing Unit – II Transistors: BJT, types & configuration, working principle, characteristics, and region of operation, load line, biasing methods, Small signal analysis of transistor (low frequency) using h-parameters, thermal runaway and thermal stability. FET, MOSFET, Transistor as an amplifier, gain, bandwidth, frequency response, Unit – III Feedback amplifier and Oscillators: Feedback amplifier, negative feedback, voltage-series, voltage shunt, current series and current shunt feedback, Sinusoidal oscillators, L-C (Hartley- Colpitts) oscillators, RC

Semester- 3rd Subject Code: 3TBEX 304 Course: BE EE Subject: Analog Electronics Course Objective : To give the idea about the fundamental properties of semiconductors. To prepare students to perform the analysis of any Analog electronics circuit. To empower students to understand the design and working of BJT / FET amplifiers, oscillators and Operational Amplifier. T o prepare the students for advanced courses in Communication system Circuit Design. Syllabus: Course Outcome: Acquire basic knowledge of physical and electrical conducting properties of semiconductors. Develop the Ability to understand the design and working of BJT / FET amplifiers. Able to design amplifier circuits using BJT s and FET’s. And observe the amplitude and Frequency Responses of common amplifier circuits Observe the effect of negative feedback on different parameters of an Amplifier and different types of Negative feedback topologies. Evaluation Evaluation will be continuous an integral part of