Analog Electronics

Schottky Diode In this type of diode, the junction is formed by contacting the semiconductor material with metal. Due to this, the forward voltage drop is decreased to a minimum. The semiconductor material is N-type silicon, which acts as an anode and metals such as Chromium, Platinum, Tungsten etc. act as cathodes. Due to the metal junction, these diodes have high current conducting capability and hence the switching time is reduced. So, Schottky Diode has greater use in switching applications. Mainly because of the metal-semiconductor junction, the voltage drop is low, which in turn increases the diode performance and reduces power loss. So, these are used in high-frequency rectifier applications. The symbol of the Schottky diode is shown below. A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that mainly conducts electricity in one direction. As we know, an ideal diode will have zero resistance in one direction, and infinite resistance in the reverse direction. There are many types of

  Rectifier Type Instrument Definition:  The instrument which uses the rectifying element for measuring the voltage and current is known as the rectifying instrument. The  rectifying element converts the alternating current to the direct current which indicates by the DC responsive meter . The PMMC uses as an indicating instrument. The sensitivity of the rectifying instruments is high as compared to the moving coil and the Electrodynamometer instrument. Thereby, it uses for measuring the current and voltage. The circuit arrangement of the rectifier instrument is shown in the figure below. The device uses four diodes which act as a rectifying element. The multiplier   resistance   R s   uses for limiting the value of the current so that their value does not extend more than the rating of the   PMMC instrument. Rectifying Element The rectifier element is used for the conversion of the AC to DC so that the unidirectional current flows through the PMMC instrument. Copper oxide, selenium ce

Full Wave Rectifier In  Full Wave Rectification , when the AC supply is applied at the input, during both the half-cycles (i.e., positive as well as negative) current flows through the load in the same direction. This can be achieved by using two crystal diodes. The two diodes conduct the current alternately. To obtain the same direction of flow of current in the load resistors R L  during positive as well as the negative half cycle of input, the two circuits are used. They are named as follows:- Center tapped full wave rectifier Full Wave Bridge Rectifier To have detailed explanation on the two types of full wave rectifiers follow the links given above. Center Tapped Full Wave Rectifier The  Center Tapped Full Wave Rectifier  employs a transformer with the secondary winding AB tapped at the centre point C. It converts the AC input voltage into DC voltage. The two diode D 1 , and D 2  are connected in the circuit as shown in the circuit diagram below. Each diode uses a one-half cycle o

Photodiode Definition : A special type of PN junction device that generates current when exposed to light is known as Photodiode. It is also known as photodetector or photosensor. It operates in reverse biased mode and  converts light energy into electrical energy . The figure below shows the symbolic representation of a photodiode: Principle of Photodiode It works on the principle of  Photoelectric effect . The operating principle of the photodiode is such that when the junction of this two-terminal semiconductor device is illuminated then the electric current starts flowing through it. Only minority current flows through the device when the certain reverse potential is applied to it. Construction of Photodiode The figure below shows the constructional detail of a photodiode: The PN junction of the device placed inside a glass material. This is done to order to allow the light energy to pass through it. As only the junction is exposed to radiation, thus, the other portion of the glass